Lol, as I pointed out earlier:
From the 1st study at that link:
"Solutions and Media
Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS).--(a) NaC1 8.0 gm., KC1 0.2 gm., Na~-IPO4 1.15 gin. KH~PO4 0.2 gr., water 800 ml.; (b) CaC12 0.1 gin., water 100 ml.; (c) MgCI2.6H20 0.1 gm.. water 100 ml. Autoclave (a), (b), and (c) separately; mix when cooled. Trypsin …
Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS).--(a) NaC1 8.0 gm., KC1 0.2 gm., Na~-IPO4 1.15 gin. KH~PO4 0.2 gr., water 800 ml.; (b) CaC12 0.1 gin., water 100 ml.; (c) MgCI2.6H20 0.1 gm.. water 100 ml. Autoclave (a), (b), and (c) separately; mix when cooled. Trypsin (Nutritiona; Biochemical Co.) 0.25 per cent in PBS, sterilized by filtration.
Tissue Culture Fluid.--Earle's saline (ES) (3), 8 parts, horse serum, 6 parts, chicken embryo extract (1:1 in ES), 3 parts; Earle's saline and horse serum were sterilized by pressure filtration through a Selas falter of porosity 03; the embryo extract was prepared under sterile conditions. An amount of 100/~g. of streptomycin and 100 units of penicillin per ml. were added to the saline solutions."
So in Todd's opinion, mixing so-called "poliomyelitis virus" AKA "a 20 per cent suspension of spinal cord of rhesus monkey" (not purified particles suspected of being a "virus") in a lab dish with monkey kidneys/testes, protein-digesting trypsin, horse serum, chicken embryo extract, streptomycin and penicillin, ETC., and then observing plaque formation is supposed to confirm something or other about the "virus" that was ass-umed to exist and to be present in the monkey spinal cord suspension. No need for a valid independent variable. Or controls. Or logic. Because "science".
The control was the cell culture itself. It was non-infected, virus was added, it became infected (plaques formed)
So for example , you twist your streeing wheel to the left. Your car goes left. That proves there is a repeatable mechanism between the steering wheel and the tires. The tools of RCT are not always needed. Every scientific tool does not need to be applied in every case. Economy of argument is more impactful.
The healthy cell culture prior to infection was itself the control.
Lol, as I pointed out earlier:
From the 1st study at that link:
"Solutions and Media
Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS).--(a) NaC1 8.0 gm., KC1 0.2 gm., Na~-IPO4 1.15 gin. KH~PO4 0.2 gr., water 800 ml.; (b) CaC12 0.1 gin., water 100 ml.; (c) MgCI2.6H20 0.1 gm.. water 100 ml. Autoclave (a), (b), and (c) separately; mix when cooled. Trypsin (Nutritiona; Biochemical Co.) 0.25 per cent in PBS, sterilized by filtration.
Tissue Culture Fluid.--Earle's saline (ES) (3), 8 parts, horse serum, 6 parts, chicken embryo extract (1:1 in ES), 3 parts; Earle's saline and horse serum were sterilized by pressure filtration through a Selas falter of porosity 03; the embryo extract was prepared under sterile conditions. An amount of 100/~g. of streptomycin and 100 units of penicillin per ml. were added to the saline solutions."
So in Todd's opinion, mixing so-called "poliomyelitis virus" AKA "a 20 per cent suspension of spinal cord of rhesus monkey" (not purified particles suspected of being a "virus") in a lab dish with monkey kidneys/testes, protein-digesting trypsin, horse serum, chicken embryo extract, streptomycin and penicillin, ETC., and then observing plaque formation is supposed to confirm something or other about the "virus" that was ass-umed to exist and to be present in the monkey spinal cord suspension. No need for a valid independent variable. Or controls. Or logic. Because "science".
The control was the cell culture itself. It was non-infected, virus was added, it became infected (plaques formed)
So for example , you twist your streeing wheel to the left. Your car goes left. That proves there is a repeatable mechanism between the steering wheel and the tires. The tools of RCT are not always needed. Every scientific tool does not need to be applied in every case. Economy of argument is more impactful.
The healthy cell culture prior to infection was itself the control.
here is the pdf:
https://rupress.org/jem/article-pdf/99/2/167/1185313/167.pdf